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David Wesely (born March 15, 1945) is a wargamer, board game designer, and video game developer. Dave Arneson credited him with the idea of the role-playing game.〔(Interview with Dave Arneson : Pegasus Magazine #1 )〕 Wesely earned a B.S. in physics at Hamline University in 1967, and an M.S. in high energy physics at the University of Kansas in 1969.〔(Acaeum.com Forum Posting by David Wesely )〕 During his college years, Wesely was a member of the Midwest Military Simulation Association, a group of wargamers based in Minneapolis-St Paul. ==The Braunstein Game== In 1967,〔A forum reposting of (Secret History of Dungeons and Dragons'' ) by Don Whetsell. Whetsell says his information was gathered during the making of an unreleased documentary called ''Dragons in the Basement''.〕 Wesely served as referee for a Napoleonic wargame set in the fictional German town of Braunstein.〔(A Brief History of Role Playing Games : Midwest Area Gaming Enthusiasts )〕 As usual, two players acted as commanders of the opposing armies, but because he was interested in multi-player games,〔 Wesely assigned additional, non-military roles. For example, he had players acting as town mayor, banker, and university chancellor.〔 When two players challenged each other to a duel, Wesely found it necessary to improvise rules for the encounter on the spot. Though Wesely thought the results were chaotic and the experiment a failure, the other players enjoyed the role playing aspect and asked him to run another game. Wesely thus contributed to the development of RPGs by introducing a one-to-one identification of player and character, and open-ended rules allowing the players to attempt any action, with the result of the action determined by the referee. Wesely's Braunstein drew inspiration from ''Diplomacy'', a game requiring players to negotiate in between turns. The idea of a referee was derived from ''Strategos: The American Game of War'' (1880), by Charles Totten.〔〔 Totten's book also inspired Wesley with the idea of having a game master who invented the scenario for the evening's battle.〔 Wesley discovered the idea of "n-player" strategy games from ''The Compleat Strategist'' by Kenneth Swezy.〔 Wesely also read and cited as influential, ''Conflict and Defense: A General Theory'' (1962), by Kenneth E. Boulding and, ''The Compleat Strategyst'' (1954) by J.D. Williams. Wesely subsequently invented a new role playing scenario in which players attempt to stage or avert a coup in a small Latin American republic. After Wesely was drafted into the Army, Dave Arneson, another member of the MMSA, took over as referee for this scenario, which was also known as a 'Braunstein'. As Arneson continued to run his versions of Braunstein and invent new scenarios, he eventually expanded them to include ideas from ''The Lord of the Rings'' and ''Dark Shadows''.〔 Arneson adjusted his Braunsteins to use Gary Gygax's ''Chainmail'' rules and allow players to play themselves in the fantasy Barony of Blackmoor, which included delving into the sewers beneath "Castle Blackmoor", a castle that originated in a plastic kit that Arneson had of a Sicilian castle.〔 In 1971 Arneson developed a Braunstein set in a fantasy world called "Blackmoor", a precursor to ''Dungeons & Dragons''. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「David Wesely」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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